可控液体输运制备取向聚合物薄膜:面向性能增强的发光二极管

提出了一种由锥形纤维阵列引导的定向液体输运的简单策略, 实现了对聚二芳基芴(PODPF)的有序 排列. 通过热退火处理(～240 ℃), PODPF由无定形相转变为β相态, 制备的PODPF薄膜具有一定的取向性 并且结晶尺寸更大. 在去浸润过程中, 锥形纤维阵列能够精确控制三相接触线的后退, 从而使得共轭高分子在产生的定向应力作用下定向排列. 基于此制备了聚合物发光二极管(PLEDs)器件, 与由旋涂膜制备的器件相比具有更高的电流效率(1.53 cd/A)和更稳定的电致发光. 表明利用锥形纤维阵列可以制备高性能的有机发光 二极管.     

Donor-Acceptor Typed AIE Luminogens with Near-infrared Emission for Super-resolution Imaging

Aggregation-induced emission(AIE)luminogens(AIEgens)with high brightness in aggregates exhibit great potentials in biological imaging,but these AIEgens are seldom applied in super-resolution biological imaging,especially in the imaging by using the structural illumination microscope(SIM).Based on this consideration,we synthesized the donor-acceptor typed AIEgen of DTPA-BTN,which not only owns high brightness in the near-infrared(NIR)emission region from 600 nm to 1000 nm(photoluminescence quantum yield,PLQYs=11.35%),but also displays excellent photo-stability.In addition,AIE nanoparticles based on 4,7-ditriphenylamine-[1,2,5]-thiadiazolo[3,4-c]pyridine(DTPA-BTN)were also prepared with highly emissive features and excellent biocompatibility.Finally,the developed DTPA-BTN-based AIE nanoparticles were applied in the super-resolution cellular imaging via SIM,where much smaller full width at half-maximum values and high signal to noise ratios were obtained,indicating the superior imaging resolution.The results here imply that highly emissive AIEgens or AIE nanoparticles can be promising imaging agents for super-resolution imaging via SIM.     

Preparation and Properties of Electrospun Sheath-core Modified-PMMA Nanofibers with Photoluminescence and Photochromic Functions

Multi-functional nanofibers are playing an important role in the optical field, and are widely used in fluorescence indication, product anti-counterfeit identification and smart clothing. Nanofibers with photoluminescence and photochromic functions are already attracting more interest from researchers. In this work, based on electrospun technology, the modified-PMMA nanofibers[PMMA=poly(methyl methacrylate)] with photoluminescence and photochromic functions were prepared through the design of the sheath-core structure(SCNFs 1-4). Compared with other samples, SCNF-4 shows outstanding photoluminescence and photochromic functions. SCNF-4 can produce green light and its fluorescence intensity and fluorescence lifetime can reach 7144 a.u. and 1031.32 μs, respectively. In photochromic functions, SCNF-4 can show purple in 1 min under the 365 nm ultraviolet light, and the color can be preserved for more than 4 h under the sunlight. When SCNF-4 is irradiated by far infrared light, the color of the samples can fade quickly in 40 s. Under the irradiation of ultraviolet light of different wavelengths, SCNF-4 can display multi-color fluorescence and achieve a reversible transition between white and purple. The design of the sheath-core structure realizes the complementarity of photoluminescence and photochromic functions of the electrospun modified-PMMA nanofibers, which is important to promote the wide application of multi-functional nanofibers in the optical field.     

Host-Guest Interactions of Cyclopentanocucurbit[6]uril with Alkyl Imidazolium Hydrochlorides

The host-guest interactions between cyclopentanocucurbit-[6]uril(CyP₆Q[6]) as host and six alkyl imidazolium hydrochloride as guests(g1, g2, g3, g4, g5, and g6) have been studied by various techniques, such as ¹H NMR spectroscopy, isothermal titration calorimetry, mass spectrometry, and single-crystal X-ray diffraction analysis. The experimental results showed that CyP₆Q[6] formed 1:1 inclusion complexes with each of guests g1-g6. The part of the guest entered the cavity of CyP₆Q[6] changes as the alkyl chain increases in length. It can be seen that the length of the alkyl chain plays a key role in determining the mode of host-guest interactions.     

色谱在药物-机体复杂巨系统研究中的应用进展

色谱是一门以分离分析为主,旨在追求复杂事物纯而净的分析化学的重要分支学科。其经过百余年的发展,理论与技术日臻完善,集科学、技术与艺术于一体。近年来,色谱及其与质谱、核磁共振波谱、原子发射光谱等联用技术极大推动了环境、食品、石油化工、生物医药等领域中所涉及复杂体系的研究进展。作为我国传统文化的核心代表,中医药为中国乃至世界人民的健康服务逾千年,从古至今历经上千年临床考验,疗效经久不衰。近年来,中国政府强调继承与创新,加大推进中医药的现代化与国际化。然而中药自身的多成分协同起效复杂性及其与机体时刻新陈代谢变化的复杂性往往相互作用,由此形成了药物-机体复杂巨系统。该复杂巨系统的分析研究是中医药现代化进程的关键瓶颈。色谱的优势在于复杂成分的分离与分析,此恰能为上述复杂巨系统提供技术支撑,色谱及其联用技术已成为推动中医药分子化、数字化、信息化乃至现代化的主流技术。该文综述了色谱及其联用技术在中药复杂体系、复杂生命过程及药物-机体复杂巨系统中的应用进展,介绍了笔者研究团队对中医药现代化的认识、研究思路和研究工作,最后笔者结合对于百年色谱与千年中医药文化之现代化交织的感悟,对色谱技术在此领域的前景做出了展望。     

ZrCdOx/SAPO-18双功能催化剂催化CO2加氢合成低碳烯烃性能

采用并流共沉淀法制备了不同Zr/Cd原子比(n_Zr/n_Cd)的ZrCdO_x金属氧化物,并与水热法制备的不同硅铝比(n_{SiO_(2})/n_{Al_(2}O₃))的片状SAPO-18分子筛物理混合制得ZrCdO_x/SAPO-18双功能催化剂,研究了其催化CO₂加氢直接合成低碳烯烃性能。采用透射电子显微镜(TEM)、X射线衍射(XRD)、N2吸附-脱附、CO₂程序升温脱附(CO₂-TPD)、NH3程序升温脱附(NH3-TPD)和X射线光电子能谱(XPS)对催化剂进行了分析。与单一ZrO2相比,引入CdO使得ZrCdO_x比表面积下降,当n_Zr/n_Cd=8时制备的Zr8Cd1氧化物呈现出无定形小颗粒状,Zr与Cd之间较强的协同作用使得Zr Cd Ox氧化物产生了更多的氧空位,有利于CO₂的吸附活化。通过对Zr8Cd1金属氧化物与SAPO-18(硅铝比0.1)的质量比、工艺反应温度、压力和空速对催化性能影响的考察,获得了最佳反应条件。研究还发现,当SAPO-18的硅铝比从0.1降为0.01时,Br?nsted酸含量降低,产物中烯烃/烷烃物质的量之比从18.6提高至37.2,但副产物CO含量迅速增加,低碳烯烃时空收率明显下降。     

SiO2@Fe2O3核-壳结构催化剂的制备及表征

采用优化的Stöber法制备了平均粒径为230 nm的单分散球形SiO₂颗粒,并以此为内核,通过水解沉积法制备了不同壳层厚度的核-壳结构SiO₂@Fe₂O₃催化剂。采用扫描电子显微镜(SEM)、透射电子显微镜(TEM)、N₂物理吸附和X射线衍射分析(XRD)等手段对催化剂进行表征,探讨了不同制备条件对SiO₂@Fe₂O₃催化剂形貌的影响。结果表明,通过水解沉积法制备的SiO₂@Fe₂O₃催化剂具有明显的核-壳结构,并且保持了原始SiO₂核的球形形貌,Fe₂O₃纳米粒子通过-OH的氢键作用连接在SiO₂表面,形成了2~10 nm厚的Fe₂O₃均匀连续包覆层。     

超高效液相色谱-质谱联用技术同时检测大鼠血浆中蒿甲醚及其主要代谢产物双氢青蒿素

为了研究蒿甲醚在大鼠体内的药代动力学行为,应用液液萃取-超高效液相色谱-单四极杆-静电场轨道阱串联质谱技术,建立了高灵敏度的大鼠血浆中蒿甲醚及其主要代谢产物双氢青蒿素的分析方法.以青蒿素为内标(Internal standard,I.S.),在正离子Targeted-MS2检测模式下对蒿甲醚和双氢青蒿素进行定性和定量分析.检测离子对分别为m/z 316.2115/163.1117(蒿甲醚)、m/z 302.1958/163.1117(双氢青蒿素)和m/z300.1803/209.1536(I.S.);蒿甲醚和双氢青蒿素在2～200 μg/L范围内线性关系良好(R2＞0.9990);检出限为0.8 μg/L;定量限为2.0μg/L;加标回收率分别为93.7％～103.7％和97.4％～ 104.7％;相对标准偏差均小于9％.本方法快速灵敏,重现性好,可用于蒿甲醚体内药代动力学研究.     

流动注射-分光光度法测定天然产物对酪氨酸酶活性的影响

建立了一种快速、灵敏且高精度的流动注射-分光光度法用于研究天然产物对酪氨酸酶活性的影响。此方法基于一定介质条件下L-3,4-二羟基苯丙氨酸(L-DOPA)在酪氨酸酶的作用下,发生氧化生成棕褐色多巴醌,其最大吸收峰位于475 nm处,而酪氨酸酶抑制剂能降低酶促反应速度,减少多巴醌形成的量,从而降低475 nm下的吸光度值,形成倒峰。在优化实验条件下,半抑制浓度的曲酸抑制酪氨酸酶活性测定相对标准偏差(n=10)为0.036%,与分光光度法和酶标仪微量法相比,精密度提高了10倍以上。咖啡酸对酪氨酸酶有较强的激活作用,对二酚酶相对激活率达到50%时的浓度(IC50)为0.170 mmol/L;薰衣草花水相提取物具有较强的抑制活性,其IC50值为0.96 mg/m L。与分光光度法及酶标仪微量法相比,流动注射-分光光度法精密度高,重复性好,适用于天然产物对酪氨酸酶活性影响的测定。     

采场顶板稳定性动态预测及控制研究

运用人工神经网络技术,综合岩石介质条件、赋存环境条件以及工程因素3大方面的5个指标,即岩石单轴抗压强度、岩石质量指标、煤体强度、地下水状况、工作面月推进速度,建立了采场顶板稳定性动态预测模型。并以工作面月推进速度40m、60m、80m、100m分别预测了新集井田顶板稳定性分区。根据5个指标因素分析结果,对顶板稳定性影响程度由大到小排序为岩石质量指标、地下水状况、岩石单轴抗压强度、煤体强度、工作面月推进速度。